Vehicle.



,328'; v PATENTED JUNE 23, 1908.

I. GOWLES & E. H. MAGDOWELL- VEHICLE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 11. 1906.

3 SHBETS-SHBET 1.

W i messes:- XAQ 5 5w No. 891,328. PATENTED JUNE 23, 1908. I. GOWLES & E. H. MAoDOWELL. VEHICLE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 11. 1906.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

' Witnesses: 3 lnve t-ors {160W (2. M m;

' No. 891,328. PATENTED JUNE 23, 1908.

I. GOWLES & B. H. MAODOWBLL.

VEHICLE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 11, 1906.

3 SHEETSSHEET 3.

31...... f aq/lo mrors M 4.1M m @415 Atty? (HEAJ Witgesses: /MW? v @WLQAMLM/ W UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

IRVING GOWLES AN D ERNEST H. MAcDOWELL, SOUTH RAVEN, MICHIGAN.

vnnrcm.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 2a, 1908.

Application flied June 11, 1908. lcrial 1h. 881,178.

vehicles. These improvements are designed ,more particularly for motor cars such as automobiles, but are desirable and of advan tag; for use in various other relations.

he objects of this invention are: first, to provide an im roved vehicle in which the ho is supports by very elastic springs and at t 1e same time one in which the body is very steadily and evenly carried. Second, to' provide an improved vehicle in which the rocking and swayingrof the body are reduced to aminimum. hird, to provide an improved vehicle in which the springs are very elastic and at the same time are capable ofcarrying very heavy loads without danger.

Further objects, and objects relati to structural details will definitely appear cm the detailed description to follow.

We accomplish t e objects of our invention by the devices and means described in the following specification.

The invention is clearly defined and pointed out in the claims.

A structure embod 'ng the features .of our invention is clearlfy illiistrated in the accompanying dra orming a part of this specilcation, in whic Figure 1 is a side elevation of astructure embodying the features of our invention, the wheels on one side bein removed to better show the arrangement 0 parts, certain lparts also being sectioned for that purpose;

7 .Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail section taken on a having downward turned for I Referring to the drawing, A represents the bed of the vehicle On the under side of the side rails or sills of the bog; are bars A ends a ig. 2' is a plan of the structure appearing in Fig. 1.

The axles I and J are connected by side bars B',-which are extended beyond the axles into the upturned arm-like guide ways; B.

metal and the central parts thereof are provided with truss rods 1) erabl formed -insections and connects by suita le tum-buckles as b. The bars B are secured to the axles by cli s L. Between the side bars have a slight spring quality.

Arra ed between the body and {the side bars re erably in a central position are double efiiptic springs ably at the rear of the rear axle and in front ofthe front axle are pneumatic sp" devices substantially such as are illustra li dg and described in our application for atent on pneumatic spring devices,filed Ap 13,1966,

erial No. 311,532, the same consisting broadly of cylinders C and plungers P the cylinders being connected to the side rails by .ball-and-socket. joints, the socket members C being arranged on the side bars-and body and the ball members on the cylinders and plunger rods, as clearly ap ears in Fig. 4.

Casings O are provided for the plun'gler rods P, the lower ends of which embrace t e c linders and are adapted to reciprocate t ereon. This rotects the plunger rods from dust and dirt and also the pin r rod packing. The cylinders O are pre erabl connected to a common chamberor tank by means of pipes e, e, the filungers act' against the lpressure in theta The ta ispr'efera ly li uld, the liquid also filling the cylinders C be ow the pistons and the pipe connections for the cylinders to the tank, substantially as is describedinour application for patent hereinbefore referred to; As the detailsof these connections form no art of this invention, we do not illustrate t e same herein.

- On the forked arms at the ends of the body are channeled rollers F. which are arranged to e e and travel up and down upon the ball bearings for engaging the ends of the rollers thus reducing the friction. These The side bars B are preferably of spring axle clips and the ends 0 the truss rods, the

partially filled with oil or other the same being ref- D. 7 At each end, preferguide we s B. The rollersF are 'ournaled r "on s ind es H which are am e through 55 chamber;

springs F" are of sufficient strength 'to hold t e body normally in position and at the same time allow it to move slightly from side to side.

The forward axle is provided with pivoted s indles J which are connected by means of t e arms K and a suitable link It. The steerin connections are not here illustrated.

y the arra ement of the parts we have illustrated and escribed, the vehicle body is sup orted so that the longitudinal rocking an the lateral swaying are reduced to a minimum, at the same time there is sufficient latitude of movement to remove any suggestion of stiffness or rigidit We preferably provide the'upper ends of the ways with tie bars G which assist in supporting them, and the tie bars are also preferably arranged so that they extend outwardl at each side of the ways beyond the vehicle wheels, forming guards for the end of the vehicle.

While the particular spring construction shown is preferred by us, we desire to state that a reat variety of springs may be used in this r ation. The springs may be made very elastic and at the same time are not liable to be injured b rebounding or the like. And in the event 0 the breaking of a spring, the body is still su ported sothat no injury is likely to result tiiereto.

. Further advantages will readily appear to those skilled in the art to which thls invention relates. VVe have illustrated and described thesame in detail in the form preferred by us, and on account of the structural simplicity and economy. We are aware, however, that it-is capable of considerable variation in structural detail without departfrom our invention.

aving thus described our invention,what we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: I

1. In a vehicle, the combination with the axles side bars connected to said axles; truss rods ior the central ortions of said side bars, the said side bars etween the ends of the .truss rods andaxles being adapted to spring; upwardly projecting arm-like ways at the ends ofthe side bars; .rollers having channeled rims adapted to engage said wa s arranged in the forked arms on said 0d journals on which said rollers are slidab y mounted; 5 rings at each side of said rollers for ielding y retaining the same in position; tie ars for said ways extending outwardl at each side thereof beyond -the vehic e wheels; centrally arranglfd double elliptic 60 sp connected to said ody and side bars cylin ers connected to said side bars by umversal joints; plungers for said cylinders; pin or rodsfor said plungers connected to said ody by universal joints; a tank or connections for said tank or body; forked arms at each end of the body;

which said rollers are slidably mounted;

springs at each side of said rollers for yieldinglyretainin the-samein position; centrally arranged dou le elliptic springs connected to said body and side bars; cylinders connected to said slde bars by universal joints; lungers for said cylinders; plunger rods or said plungers connected to said body by unig versal joints; a tank or chamber; and connections for said tank or chamber to the lower ends of the said cylinders, substantially as described.

3. In a vehicle, the combination with the body; forked arms at each end of the body; axles;side bars connected to said axles; u wardly projectin arm like ways at tlie ends of the side ars; rollers having channeled rims adapted to engage said ways ar- 5 ranged in the forked arms on said bod journals on which said rollers are slidabl y mounted; s rings at each end of said rollers for ielding y retaining the same in position; tie ars for said ways extending outwardly at each side thereof beyond the vehicle wheels; centrally arran ed double elliptic sprin s connected to said ody and side bars; cylin ers connected to said side bars by universal joints; plungers for said cylinders; 5 plunger rods for said plungers connected to said body by universal joints; a tank or chamber; and connections for said tank or chamber to the lower ends of the said cylinders, substantiall as described.

4. In a vehicle, t e combination with the body; forked arms at each end of the body; axles; side bars connected to said axles; upwardly projecting arm-like ways at the ends of the side bars; rollers having channeled 5 rims ada ted to engage-said ways arranged in the for ed arms on said body; journals on which said rollers are slidably mount-ed;- springs at each side of said rollers for yieldingl retainin the same in position; cen- 20 tral y arrange double elli ticsprin s connected to said bod and side bars; cy inders connected to sai side bars by universal joints; plungers for said cylinders; plunger rods for said plungers connected to said body 5 byuniversal joints; a tank or chamber; and connections for-said tank or chamber to the lower ends of the said cylinders, substantially as described.

5. In a vehicle, the combination with the 130 body; forked armsat each end of the body; axles; side bars connected to said axles; truss rods for the central ortions of said side bars, the said side bars etween the ends of the truss rods and axles being adapted to'spring; upwardly projecting arm-like ways at the ends of the side bars; rollers having channeled rims adapted to engage said wa s at ranged in the forked arms on said od journals on which said rollers are slidab y mounted; s rings at each side of said rollers for 'elding y retaining the same in position; tie are for said ways extending outwardly at each side thereof beyond the vehicle wheels; and suitable springs, substantially as described.

6. In a vehicle, the combination with the body; forked arms at each end of the body; axles; side bars connected to said axles; truss rods for central portions of said side bars, the said side bars between the ends of the truss rods and axles. being adapted to spring; 1n wardly projecting arm-like ways at'theen s of the side bars; rollers having channeled adapKtedto engage said ways arranged'inthefor ed arms on said bod journals on which said rollers are slidab y mounted; springs at each side of said rollers for yieldingly retaining the same in position; and suitable springs, substantially as described;

- 7. In a vehicle, the combination with the body; forked arms at each end of the body; axles; side bars connected to said axles; u

wardly projecting arm-like ways at the on s of the side bars; rollers having channeled rims ada ted to engage said ways arranged in the for ed arms on said bod journals on which said rollers are slida ly mounted; springs at each side of said rollers for yieldingly retaining the same in position; tie bars for said we s extending outwardly at each side thereo beyond the vehicle wheels; and suitable springsi substantially as described.

8. In a vehic e, the combination with the' body; forked arms at each end of the body; axles; side bars connected to said axles; u wardly projecting arm-like ways at the on s of the side bars; rollers having channeled rims adapted to engage said ways arranged on the forked arms on said body; journals on which said rollers are slidably mounted; springs at each side of said rollers for yieldingly retaining the same in position; and suitable springs, substantiallyas described.

9. Ins vehicle, the combination with the body; axles; side bars connected to said axles; truss rods for the central portions of said side bars, the said side bars between the ends of the truss rods and the axles being adapted to spring; vertical guide ways arranged at each end of the body; rollers arranged to engage said we s; journals on which said rollers are sli ably mounted; springs at each side of said rollers for yield- -ers are slida sprin s connected to said ingly retaining the same in position; tie bars I for said wa-ys extending outwardly at each side thereof beyond the vehicle wheels, formmg trally arranged double elliptic sprin s connected to sald body and side bars; c inders connected to said bars by universa joints; plungers for said cylinders; plunger rods for said plungers connected to said body b universal joints; a tank or chamber; an con nections for said tank or chamber to the lower ends of the said cylinders, for the purpose s ecified. i

10. n a vehicle, the combination with the body; axles; side bars connected to said axles; truss rods for the central portions of said side bars, the said side bars between the ends of the truss rods and axles being adapted to sprin vertical guide ways arranged at (f of the body; rollers arranged to eneach en gagesaid ways journals on which said rollly mounted; springs at each side of said rollers for yieldi ly retaining the same in position; centra ly arranged double elliptic springs connected to said body and side bars; 0 hnders connected to said bars by universa joints; plungers for said cylinders; plunger rods for said lungers connected to said body by universa l joints; a tank or chamber; and connections for said tank or chamber to the lower ends of the said cylinders, for the purpose s cified.

guards for the ends of the vehicle; cen i 11. In a vehicle, the com ination with the body; axles; side bars connected to said axles; vertical guide ways arran ed at each end of the body; rollers arrange to engage said ways; journals on which said rollers are slidably mounted; s rings at each side of said rollers for yielding fy retaining the same in position; tiebars or said we s extending outwardly at each side thereo beyond the vehicle wheels, forming guards for the ends of the vehicle; centrall arran ed double elliptic springs connect to said liody and side bars; cylinders connected to said bars by universal joints; plungers for said cylinders;

plunger rods for said plungers connected to said body' by universal joints; a tank or chamber; and connections for said tank or chamber to the lower ends of the said cylin ders, for the u specified.

12. In a vcliic body; axles; side bars connected to said axles;-vertical guide ways snagged at each end of the body; rollers arrang to engage said ways;journals on which said rollers are slidably mounted; s rings at each side of said rollers for yielding y retaining the same in position; centrally arranged double elliptic ody and side bars; cy lin are connected to said bars by universal oints; plungers for said cylinders; plunger rods for said plunger-s connected to said body by universal joints;a tank or chsmber;and

connections for said tank or chamber to the e, the combination with the I lower ends of the said cylinders, pose s ecified.

13. n a vehicle, the combination with the body; axles; side bars connected to said axles; truss rods for the central portions of said side bars, the said side bars between the ends ofthe truss rods and the axles being adapted to spring; vertical guide ways arranged at each end of the body; rollers arranged to engage said wa s; journals on which said rollers are slid ably mounted; springs at each side of said rollersfor yieldingly retaining the same in position; tie bars for said ways extending outwardly at each for the purside thereof beyond the vehicle wheels, form-' ing guards for the ends of the vehicle; and sultablesprings, for the purpose specified.

14. In a vehicle, the combination with the body axles; side bars connected to said axles; truss rods for the central portions of said side bars, the said side bars between the ends of the truss rods and the axles being adapted to spring; verticalguide ways arranged at each end of the body; rollers arranged to engage said wa s; journals on which said rollers are sli ably mounted; springs at each side of said rollers for yieldingly retaining the same in position; and suitable springs, for the purpose specified.

15. In a vehicle, the combination with the body; axles; 'side bars connected to said axles; vertical guide ways arranged at each end of the body; rollers arrangedto engage said ways; journals on which said rollers are slidably mounted; slprings at each side of said rollers for Vieldingfy retaining the same in position; tie bars said wa s extending outwardly at each side thereo beyond the vehicle wheels, forming guards for the ends of the vehicle; and suitable springs, for the purpose specified.

' 16. In a vehicle, the combination with the body; axles; side bars connected to said axles; vertical guide ways arranged at each end of the body; rollers arranged to engage said ways; journals on which said rollersare slidably mounted; s rings at each side of said rollers for yielding y retaining: the samein position; and suitable springs, for the purposes ecified. 5

17. n a vehicle, the combination with the body, axles; side bars connected to said axles; truss rods for the central portions of said side bars, the said side bars between the ends of the truss rods and axles being adapted to spring; vertical guide ways arranged at each end of the body; rollers arranged to engage said wa s tie bars for said .ways extend: mg outward y at each side thereof beyond the vehicle wheels, forming guards-for the ends of the vehicle; and suitable springs, for

the purpose s ecified.

18. In a've 'cle, the combination with the body; axles; side bars connected to said axles; truss rods forthe central portions of running gear, of a vehicle body; supporting senses said side bars, the said side bars between the ends of the truss rods ahd axles being ada ted to spring; vertical guide ways arrange at each end of the bod rollers arranged to engage said ways; an suitable springs, for the 20. In a-vehicle, the combination ofthe' running gear comprising front and rear axles; 11%;!!! of side bars connected to said axles; a vs icle body; a spring support therefor; ver

tically arranged guide ways' on said running gear at each end of said body, and rollers carried b y said body and arranged to engage said guide ways, whereby the longitudinal move-' ment of said body is prevented, said rollers being yieldingly connected to said body, whereby said body is yieldingly supported against lateral movement.

21. In a vehicle, the combination with the body .and rimning. ear; suitable springs therefor; vertical gui e ways carried by the running gear; rollers carried by the body arranged to engage said ways; journals on which said rollers are slidably mounted; and springs at each side ofsaid rollers for yieldinglyretainin the same inposition, for the purpose speci ed.

22. In a vehicle,- the combination with the erefor; vertically arrange bo y, and rollers carried by said body and arranged to engage said guir e ways, whereb the longitudinal movement of said body is prevented, said rollers being yieldin ly connected to said body, whereby said ody is yieldingly supported'against lateral movement. j

\ 23. In a-vehicle, the combination with the running gear, of a vehicle body; sup orting springs therefor; vertically arrange ide wa son said running gear at each end 0 said bo y, and rollers carried bv said body and arranged to enga e said guide ways, whereb the longitudina movement of saidbody is prevented.

24. In a vehicle, the combination with the front and rear axles, the front axle being provided with pivoted wheel spindles; a pair ofside bars secured to said front and-rear axles;

truss rods for the central ortions of said side bars, the portions of sai bars between the ends of 881d truss rods and said axles being adapted tospring.

25. In a vehicle, the combination 'wlth the idefront and rear axles, the front axle being pro- 0 vided with pivoted wheel spindles; and side bars connected to said axles, said side bars having resilient or spring portions adjacent to the axles.

26. In a vehicle, the combination with the axles: side bars carried thereby; vertical guide ways disposed at the ends of said side bars; a body yleldingly supported, and antifriction means carried by said body and engaging said guide ways to hold said body against longitudinal movement relative to said guide ways.

27. In a vehicle, the combination with the body of running gear; suitable springs sup-, portingsaid body; vertical guide ways (llS- )osed on said running gear and confining said lmdy therebetween to hold the same a ainst longitudinal movement relative to sai running gear and rollers carried by said body and engagin said running gear, said rollers being lateral y movable relative to said body.

2%. In a vehicle, the combination with the body, of running gear; suitable springs sup- .porting said body; vertical guide ways disposed on said running gear and confining said body therebetween to hold same a ainst longitudinal movement relative to sai running gear: rollers carried by said body and engaging said running gear, said rollers being laterally movable relative to said body; an

vmeans maintaining said rollers-a ainst lateral movement relative to said gui e'wavs.

29. In a vehicle, the combination with the body of running gear ;.suitable springs supporting said body; vertical guide ways dlsposed on said running gear and confining said body therebetween to. hold the same against longitudinal movement relative to said running gear; rollers carried by said body and engaging said running gear, said rollers, being laterally movable relative to said body; and springs disposed in operating relation to saidrollers and said body to resist relative lateral movement thereof.

30. In a vehicle, the combination with the runnin gear equipped with vertical guides in whifh the body is movable and confining the latter longitudinally the'rebetween, an cushioning means disposed in operative relation to said guides and said body resisting relative lateral movement of the same.

' In witness whereof, we have hereunto set our hands and seals in the presence of two witnesses.

mvme COWLES. ERNEST H. mcnowntt.

Witnesses FRED C. COGSHALL, G. J. WICKSALL. 

